Musi waNyamavhuvhu 25, madhipatimendi manomwe anosanganisira Bazi reMaindasitiri uye Ruzivo rweTekinoroji akaburitsa zviri pamutemo "Chirongwa cheBasa cheKukura Kwakasimba kweIron neSimbi Indasitiri" (inozonzi "Chirongwa"), ichisimbisa zvakare kuti indasitiri yesimbi nesimbi. iindasitiri yakakosha uye mbiru yehupfumi hwenyika uye inzvimbo yakakosha ine chekuita nekukura kwakasimba kweindasitiri uye kushanda zvakanaka kwehupfumi. Panguva imwecheteyo, "Purogiramu" inoisa mberi 12 matanho ekushanda, kusanganisira kutsigira uye kutungamirira kurongeka kwekugadzirwa kwesimbi yemoto yemagetsi, inonzi "12 Steel". (Tinya kuti uone zvizere: Heavy! Madhipatimendi manomwe akabatana akaburitsa "Work Plan for Steady Growth of the Iron and Steel Industry").
Parizvino, kubuda kwesimbi yesimbi yemagetsi kunoda kusvika 10% yenyika yangu. Zvinoenderana nehuwandu husina kukwana, kune anopfuura mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu emagetsi emagetsi ekugadzira simbi munyika yangu, ayo anoda kusvika mazana maviri ari ese-akarasa emagetsi echoto mabhizinesi ekugadzira simbi. Ne "Industrial Carbon Peak Implementation Plan" inoisa pamberi zvinotarisirwa zve "panosvika 2025, chikamu chepfupi-process kugadzira simbi ichasvika kupfuura 15%; panosvika 2030, chikamu chepfupi-maitiro simbi ichasvika kupfuura 20%" , mapurovhinzi, makanzuru ari pasi peHurumende huru) vakakurudzirawo kuti chikamu chekugadzira simbi kwenguva pfupi chisvike 5% kusvika 20% mumagwaro akadai se "Carbon Peak Implementation Plan", "Industrial Field Carbon Peak Implementation Plan", uye "Comprehensive Work Plan for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction". Chinangwa.
Chikamu chechipiri che "double kabhoni" yenyika yangu yesimbi nesimbi indasitiri inoda kuvimba nekusimudzira kwakasimba kwemagetsi echoto chekugadzira simbi kuti uwane kusarerekera kwekabhoni mushure meiyo carbon peak. Chikamu chikuru chegirini yemagetsi ese-chakarasa emagetsi muchoto kugadzira simbi uye hydrogen-yakavakirwa yakananga yakaderedzwa simbi ine chikamu chikuru chegirini yemagetsi electric furnace steelmaking, neimwe nzira, inofanana nekugadzirwa kwe "girinhi simbi".
Muna Chivabvu wegore rino, Bazi reMaindasitiri neRuzivo rweTekinoroji, Bazi reEcology uye Zvakatipoteredza uye Hurumende yeSichuan Provincial vakabatana vakabatana National Electric Furnace Short-process Steelmaking Promotion Musangano muLuzhou City, Sichuan Province, kuti vaenderere mberi nekutarisa nekuita. iyo "Implementation Plan yeHigh-Quality Development Leading Project yeMagetsi Furnace Short-process Steelmaking" . Panyaya yekutsigira uye kutungamira kurongeka kwekugadzirwa kwesimbi yemoto, "chirongwa" chitsva chakapihwa nemakurukota manomwe nemakomisheni anosanganisira Ministry of Indasitiri neRuzivo rweTekinoroji inosimbisa kukurumidza kwekuita kweyemhando yepamusoro budiriro inotungamira chirongwa chepfupi-. process electric furnace steelmaking, uye zvakare inojekesa kuitwa kweakasiyaniswa kugona kutsiva kune ese-akarasa emagetsi choto simbi mapurojekiti, manejimendi kwezvakatipoteredza uye zvimwe. mitemo yekugadzira inotungamira pasi rose electric furnace steel industry cluster.
Iko kumisikidzwa uye kuvandudzwa kwemagetsi emagetsi simbi indasitiri masumbu anofanirwa kuvimba nemagetsi emagetsi ekugadzira simbi mabhizinesi anotora maitiro ekugadzira ese akarasa simbi yemagetsi choto kunyungudutsa. Kunyangwe iyo chikamu chenguva-pfupi-maitiro ekugadzira simbi inogona kusvika pachiyero sezvakarongwa, yemagetsi choto chekugadzira simbi mabhizinesi achaita basa rakakosha. Magetsi choto chekugadzira simbi mabhizinesi ane kugona kugadzira epamusoro mabhenji mabhizinesi, uye anofanirwawo kuita yakakosha nhoroondo yekuumba bhizinesi repamusoro remabhenji mukugadzira simbi yemagetsi inogona kudzokorora modhi yekusimudzira. Iko kukwidziridzwa kwepamusoro-soro kwemabhizinesi emagetsi ekugadzira simbi kunozoitawo booster uye stabilizer yekusimudzira kwemhando yepamusoro yeindasitiri yesimbi. Kukurudzira kuvandudza kunobudirira kwemhando uye kukura kunonzwisisika kwehuwandu hwesimbi yesimbi yechoto haiparadzaniswe kubva muchoto chemagetsi steelmaking bhizinesi, iyo ichaita basa rinokosha rinotungamirira uye rekuratidzira mukuitwa kwe "12 simbi mitemo", uye ichaitawo. iva chiitiko chakadzama che "mbiri isingazununguki" embodiment.
Kuona mamiriro ekusimudzira emagetsi echoto simbi munyika yangu kubva pakuona kwekuita
Zvinoenderana nehuwandu husina kukwana, nyika yangu yemagetsi muchoto simbi yekugadzira simbi inosvika mazana maviri emamiriyoni matani, asi muna 2022 kubuda kwesimbi yemagetsi muchoto isingasviki matani emamiriyoni zana, uye huwandu hwekushandisa huwandu hunosvika makumi mashanu muzana. Kubva muna Ndira kusvika Chikunguru gore rino, avhareji yekushanda kwese simbi dzesimbi dzemagetsi munyika yangu yakapfuura 75%. %, avhareji yehuwandu hwekushandisa huwandu hunoramba huri pa50%, uye magetsi emagetsi ekugadzira simbi mabhizinesi ari kufamba pakati pepurofiti shoma uye kurasikirwa. Kune rumwe rutivi, mabhizimisi emagetsi emagetsi ekugadzira simbi haana kusangana nemagetsi makuru uye kwenguva refu anokonzerwa nekupisa kwepamusoro muzhizha rino, uye chiyero chekushanda kwemagetsi emagetsi chakaramba chiri chepamusoro; kune rumwe rutivi, chiyero chekushandiswa kwehuwandu hwemagetsi emagetsi chave chiri pazinga rakaderera, kunyanya nekuda kwesimbi Mamiriro emutengo wemusika wepasi haana kunaka, mutengo wezvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvakakura uye kugovera hakuna kukwana, uye mutengo. simba rakakwirira uye zvimwe zvakawanda zvinhu. Kubva padanho rekuona, zviri nyore kwazvo kutanga kuvakwa kwesimbi yemagetsi simbi yekugadzira midziyo kuti uone "kureba kusvika kupfupi" kuburikidza nekutsiviwa kwesimba, zvinoreva kuti hapana dambudziko zvachose kuzadzisa chinangwa chepfupi-process steelmaking accounting. kweanopfuura 15% panosvika 2025 Nekudaro, izvi hazvireve kuti 15% yenyika yangu isina kuchena simbi inobuda inogadzirwa nemagetsi emagetsi, nekuti mbishi zvinhu zvakaita sekupa. uye mutengo wesimbi yakarasika yekugadzirwa kwesimbi yemagetsi, uye kuwedzera kwemutengo wesimba zvinhu zvakadai semagetsi zvakakonzera kuti mari yesimbi yemagetsi iwedzere kudarika iyo yekushandura simbi. Iko kunenge kusina mukana mumutengo. Iyo "bottleneck" zvinhu zvinotadzisa kuvandudzwa kwesimbi yemoto yemagetsi haigone kuvandudzwa, uye zvakaoma kuita budiriro yakanaka maererano neiyo process ratio yemagetsi echoto simbi munguva pfupi.
Ndichitarisa iyo Yekuvandudza Situation yeMagetsi Furnace Simbi munyika yangu kubva pakuona kweZvishandiso
Musi waChikunguru 14, 2023, National Development and Reform Commission yakapa chiziviso maererano nekubvunza veruzhinji nezve "Guiding Catalog for Industrial Structure Adjustment (2023 Version, Draft for Comment)" (inozonzi "Catalogue"). "Catalogue" inotaura kuti simbi yemagetsi inorambidzwa kugadzira simbi ndeye "electric arc furnace ine simba rezita rematani makumi matatu kana kupfuura uye zana rematani (alloy steel 50 tons) kana zvishoma". Gwaro iri rakaitwa kubva muna 2011 uye harisati ragadziriswa.
Zvinoenderana nehuwandu husina kukwana, kubva pakuitwa kwe "Implementation Measures for Capacity Replacement muIron neSimbi Indasitiri" musi waChikumi 1, 2021, pakupera kwaChikunguru 2023, kuburikidza nekuitwa kwekutsiviwa kwesimba, yakazara 66 choto chemagetsi. midziyo yekugadzira simbi yakavakwa, ichangobva kuvakwa kana kugadzirwa. Huwandu hwemazita hunosvika 6,430 matani, uye avhareji yekugona kwechigadzirwa chimwe nechimwe i97.4 matani, ayo atove pedyo nezana rematani. Zvinoratidza kuti midziyo yesimbi yemagetsi yenyika yangu iri kufambira mberi nokukurumidza mumugwagwa wekukura kukuru, uye yakanyatsoita zvinodiwa ne "Catalogue". Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti hazvisi zvese zvichangobva kuvakwa zvine simba rezita rinopfuura zana rematani, uye mimwe michina ichiri kushandiswa kugadzira simbi yealloy nekuda kwezvipingamupinyi zvakaita senge simba rekugadzira, iro rinotenderedza muganho wesimba rezita. isingasviki 100 tons.
Kubva 2017, nerubatsiro rwematani emamiriyoni e140 e "floor steel" akacheneswa, nyika yangu ichangobva kuvaka nhamba huru yemagetsi emagetsi ekugadzira simbi, asi midziyo yemagetsi yevira ye100 toni uye pamusoro inonyanya kutengwa kunze kwenyika. Zvinoenderana nehuwandu husina kukwana, iyo yakaunganidzwa Kune makumi mashanu neshanu emagetsi emagetsi anotengeswa kunze kwenyika ane zita repamusoro rezinga iri rakavakwa, riri kuvakwa kana kuti richavakwa, kusanganisira 23 yakaitwa naDaniel, 14 yakagadzirwa naTenova, 12 yakagadzirwa naPrime, 2 yakagadzirwa neSMS, etc. Zvakaoma kumabhizinesi kukwikwidzana nevagadziri vekunze mune iyi nhanho yemagetsi echoto midziyo. Domestic Changchun Electric Furnace, Wuxi Dongxiong uye mamwe mabhizinesi emagetsi emidziyo yemagetsi anonyanya kutarisa kune yakachinjika yekudyisa mavhiri emagetsi ari pasi pe100 matani, uye kunyanya 70-80 matani akatwasuka anoenderera achidyisa mavira emagetsi. Kugadziriswa kwechikamu ichi chemagetsi emagetsi kunodarika 95%.
Kuburikidza nekuferefeta, zvinoonekwa kuti avhareji yekunyungudutsa nguva ye70-80 matani ezvese-zvimedu zvakachinjika zvinoramba zvichidyisa muchoto wemagetsi zvingangoita maminetsi makumi matatu nemaviri, avhareji yekunyungudutsa simba rekushandisa i335 kWh/tani simbi, iyo electrode kushandiswa i0.75 kg/tani simbi, uye siyana michina uye zvoupfumi zviratidzo zvinogona kusvika 100. Toni uye pamusoro yemagetsi choto pamwero, kabhoni kubudiswa kusimba kunongoita 0.4 matani / toni yesimbi. Kana iyi nhanho yemidziyo yemoto yemagetsi ikapedzisa shanduko ye-ultra-low emission sezvinodiwa, inogona kuzadzisa zvizere zvinodikanwa zveyenyika yekupedzisira-yakaderera emission kuita mwero. The "Proposal" inokurudzira kukurumidza kusimudzirwa kwepamusoro-soro kukwidziridzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemichina, mavira emagetsi epamusoro, kunyungudutswa kwakakosha, kuongororwa kwepamusoro-soro uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro, uye kusimbisa tsvakurudzo yekubatana kwepamusoro uye pasi pemvura ye "indasitiri-yunivhesiti- research-application". Kubva pane data rekuongorora iri pamusoro, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti 70-80 ton yose-yakakura yakatwasuka inoenderera mberi ichidyisa muto wemagetsi inosangana nezvinodiwa zve "advanced electric furnace". Innovation uye kusimudzira kugona kwemabhizinesi esimbi.
Zvinoenderana nehuwandu husina kukwana, kune 418 emagetsi emagetsi munyika yangu (kusanganisira aripo, achangovakwa uye ayo achazovakwa), 181 magetsi emagetsi ane simba rezita rematani makumi mashanu kana pasi, uye 116 emagetsi emagetsi anokwana makumi mashanu nerimwe. matani kusvika pa99 toni (70 tons ~ Kune makumi masere nemanomwe ematani makumi mapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe), uye kune 121 midziyo yemagetsi yematani zana zvichikwira. Maererano nezvinodiwa ne "Catalogue", kunyange kana imwe itsva 50-100-tani yemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi muzita resimbi yealloy yakabviswa, chikamu chemidziyo yemagetsi yakavharidzirwa munyika yangu ichiri yakakwirira zvikuru. Zvakakodzera kufunga uye kukurukura kana kuwedzera kuwedzera huwandu hwemavira emagetsi, "saizi imwe inokodzera zvese" uye "boka renyuchi" kumanikidza "kubva kubva kudiki kuenda kuhombe", kana kudzikisa inorambidza zita renji chiyero kune vese. tsvina yesimbi inonyungudutsa electric furnace steelmaking equipment nenzira yakanangwa. Zvinokurudzirwa kugadzirisa chirevo mu "Catalogue" ye "electric arc furnace ine simba rezita rematani makumi matatu kana kupfuura uye 100 matani (alloy steel 50 tons) kana zvishoma" kune "arc furnace ine simba rezita rematani makumi matatu. kana kupfuura uye zana rematani (alloy simbi 50 matani, 70 matani kune ese marara simbi) Furnace", kuitira kuti ishandise zviri nani zvakanakira iyo iripo 70-99 toni yemagetsi choto midziyo, uye kuderedza "tight hoop" pamisoro yemabhizinesi ane midziyo yakadaro yemagetsi.
Shanduko uye kukwidziridzwa kwenyika yangu yemagetsi echoto simbi mabhizinesi kubva pamaonero echigadzirwa chimiro.
Pakati pezvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvinogadzirwa nenyika yangu yemagetsi echoto mabhizinesi ekugadzira simbi, kubuda kweakajairwa kabhoni simbi kunodarika 80%, nepo simbi yekuvaka inodarika 60%. Sezvo kudiwa kwesimbi yekuvaka senge rebar kunopera simba, mabhizinesi emagetsi ekugadzira simbi anogadzira mahombe-akakura uye akafara simbi anofanirwa kukurumidza kugadzirisa chimiro chavo chechigadzirwa uye kupedzisa shanduko nekusimudzira.
Sezvo budiriro yehupfumi hwenyika yangu iri kuramba ichidzika, kudiwa kwemunhu kwezvigadzirwa zvesimbi kuri kuramba kuchikwira, uye kugadzirwa kwe "order-based" kuri kuwedzera. Kazhinji, kune mabhizinesi emagetsi ekugadzira simbi yemagetsi ane huwandu hwematani zana uye pamusoro, zviratidzo zvekugadzira zviratidzi zvakakwirira, uye kutsigira kuvaka kwesimbi inokungurutsa mitsetse yekugadzira kunoda huwandu hukuru hwekudyara kwemari, iyo inodziviswa nezvinhu zvakaita senzvimbo yenzvimbo. uye huwandu hukuru hwekutsvagirwa kweasset investment. Zvakaoma kupedzisa zvachose chigadzirwa chekugadzirisa kugadzirisa.
Kune alloy simbi uye yakakosha simbi ine mabheji akawanda ekugadzira, mabheti madiki uye yakakwirira yakawedzera kukosha, zvinofanirwa kushandisa "diki yemagetsi choto" yekugadzira kutanga, iyo haigone chete zvinobudirira kuderedza mutengo wekugadzira, asiwo kuderedza midziyo yekugadzirisa mari. Izvi zvinoenderanawo nezvirongwa zvakarongwa mu "Plan" yekugadzira masumbu eindasitiri yesimbi epamusoro. Mabhizinesi emagetsi ekugadzira simbi emagetsi anofanirwa kupa pamberi pekusimudzira kwakanangana nemabhizinesi madiki uye epakati, akasarudzika uye akakosha madiki uye epakati mabhizinesi mabhizinesi, akasarudzika, akasarudzika uye matsva "madiki madiki" mabhizinesi, uye ega ega mabhizinesi mabhizinesi mukugadzira. Semuyenzaniso, bhizimusi renyika-rakanyanya hunyanzvi "diki hofori" muAnhui rinotora choto chemagetsi 35-ton kuti itsigire mavira ekunatsa akawanda, mavira ekupinza uye mabindu ekuzvidyira, nezvimwewo, uye ine simba rekugadzira rematani zana nemakumi mashanu ezviuru zvematani ezviuru. yepamusoro-giredhi yakakosha alloy zvinhu pagore. , zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukubhururuka, ndege, kuvaka ngarava, petrochemical, simba renyukireya uye mamwe minda, uye inogona kuronga kutsvagisa nekusimudzira uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvitsva zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nevatengi zvezvinhu zvitsva; kambani yakanyorwa muJiangsu inoshandisa 60-ton electric furnace kutsigira akawanda ekunatsa Mavira, induction furnaces uye self-consumption furaces, nezvimwewo, kugadzira alloy zvinhu uye alloy zvigadzirwa. Zvigadzirwa izvi zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri ekugadzira emagetsi ekupedzisira senge simba idzva remhepo, njanji yekufambisa, aerospace, zvemauto, simba renyukireya, uye semiconductor chip michina.
Iyo yose-yakarasika yemagetsi vira yeanenge 70 matani inogona kunyatsosangana nehunhu hwe "mabheti mazhinji, akawanda marudzi, uye diki chibvumirano uwandu". Deredza zvivharo zvakasara zvinokonzerwa nekugadzirwa kwechibvumirano chesimbi nesimbi. Huwandu hwekutengwa kwezvinhu mbishi uye zvekubatsira uye kutengeswa kwechigadzirwa kweanosvika makumi manomwe matani ezvese-akaraswa emagetsi emagetsi ari pasi peaya e100 matani emagetsi emagetsi uye pamusoro, uye huwandu hwese hwezvinosvibisa uye greenhouse gasi rinobuda mudunhu rakaderera.
Pamusoro pezvo, kune imwe chete 70-ton electric furnace kuti ienderane ne600,000-ton rolling mill line yekugadzira, inzira inonzwisisika, inodhura uye inoshanda yevira-muchina nzira yekufananidza yezvigayo zvesimbi zvemudhorobha zvine radius ye200 kilometres yezvakaraswa simbi. kupa uye kutengesa kwechigadzirwa. Nezvekufambiswa kwegwara rezvigadzirwa zvechoto chemagetsi zvine hunyanzvi hwezita, zvinokurudzirwa kutevedzera nzira nhatu dzinotevera dzekuisa: yekutanga, huni hwemagetsi hunogona kuita matani makumi matatu kusvika makumi mashanu, akakodzera kugadzirwa kwesimbi yakakosha uye alloy. simbi muzvimedu zviduku; chechipiri, magetsi echoto chemagetsi matani 150 uye pamusoro, akakodzera kugadzirwa kweplate uye mitsara, yakakwirira-yakawedzerwa simbi yemotokari uye simbi isina tsvina, nezvimwewo; chechitatu, kugona kwechoto chemagetsi kunotangira kubva ku50 to 150 tonnes, uye kunyanya 70 to 100 tonnes, yakakodzera zvigayo zviduku zvesimbi zvakapoteredza guta rekugadzira Steel yekuvaka uye kuraswa kwemarara edzimba.
Mamwe Mazano paKukudziridzwa kweMagetsi Furnace Short process Steelmaking munyika yangu
Kutanga, kurudzira matanho kumamiriro emunharaunda, kushingaira uye zvishoma nezvishoma kusimudzira kugadzirwa kwesimbi yechoto chemagetsi. Izvo hazvina kukodzera kukurumidza kuwedzera huwandu hwemagetsi echoto chesimbi yekugadzira simbi uye chikamu chemagetsi echoto chesimbi inobuda, uye haina kukurudzirwa kuwedzera chikamu chemagetsi emagetsi mapfupi-maitiro ekugadzira kugadzirwa uye kubuda maererano nemaitiro ekugadzirisa mumatunhu ese. yenyika. Zvichienzaniswa neakananga uwandu zviratidzo zvinodiwa. Mamiriro ekutanga ekugadzirwa kwesimbi yesimbi yesimbi ndeyekuti nzvimbo yebhizinesi ine zviwanikwa zveferrite zvakaringana senge simbi yakarasika, inoteverwa nemvura isingadhuri uye magetsi serutsigiro, uye chechitatu ndechekuti kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, simba uye ramangwana rinobuda kabhoni. yakasimba uye ishoma. Kana imwe nzvimbo isina mabhenefiti ezviwanikwa uye simba, uye nharaunda inotakura kugona uye yekuchenesa huwandu hwakasimba, asi "pumba" rinoisa upofu simbi yemagetsi echoto chekugadzira simbi, mugumisiro wekupedzisira ungave wekuti kune akati wandei " magetsi converters" mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Mamwe mabhizinesi emagetsi emagetsi ekugadzira simbi asingakwanisi kukwikwidzana nemabhizinesi akareba-maitiro akamanikidzwa kumisa kugadzirwa kwenguva yakareba nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemakwikwi emusika.
Chechipiri, shandisa marongero nechikamu uye ita basa rakanaka mukugadzira uye manejimendi emagetsi emagetsi aripo. Usanyanya kukara kune nyika dzekunze kune yemagetsi choto simbi yekugadzira simbi, ronga yakanaka yechoto muchina unoenderana nemagetsi emagetsi simbi yekugadzira simbi, zvinokurudzirwa kuti usangoshandisa saizi yehuni yemoto sechiratidzo chega chekuyera kana midziyo. yafambira mberi, uye musakurudzire nzvimbo dzese dzenyika kuti dzirambe dzichishandisa "saizi imwe inokodzera zvese"" Mitemo yakadai sekubva padiki kuenda kuhukuru" inorambidza kusimukira kukwikwidza "small electric furnace" mabhizinesi.
Iyo "Proposal" inoisa mberi maererano nekusimbisa chinhu chinovimbisa kuti nharaunda dzese dzinofanirwa kumisa nzira yenguva refu yekukura kwakasimba kweindasitiri yesimbi, kuchenesa marongero erusarura kurwisa indasitiri yesimbi, uye kusangana nemhando yepamusoro yekusimudzira kwechoto chemagetsi. kugadzirwa kwesimbi neA-level kwezvakatipoteredza uye kushanda kwesimba kwepamusoro. Mapurojekiti esimbi nesimbi haana kuisirwa mu "mbiri yakakwirira uye imwe capital" manejimendi eprojekiti. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu azvino eindasitiri yesimbi nesimbi, mabhizinesi anofanirwa kuisa pamberi pakuona "kupona" uye kudzivirira mwero wepamusoro wechikwereti chekambani chinounzwa nemidziyo mitsva yevira remagetsi, inova huswa hwekupedzisira hunopwanya bhizinesi.
Chechitatu, mhanyisa kukwidziridzwa kwemhando yepamusoro indasitiri yesimbi yevira remagetsi. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti mabhizinesi emagetsi ekugadzira simbi emagetsi anofanirwa kutsvaga shanduko nekusimudzira nekukurumidza, kupedzisa optimization uye kugadzirisa kwechigadzirwa chimiro, uye kugadzira emakwikwi epamusoro kukosha-akawedzera zvigadzirwa mumashopu "akachena". Gadzira ruzivo rwemhando, batanidza kukosha kune kushambadzira kwekunze uye kutaurirana, uye edza "brand premium". Pasinei nokuti inorambidzwa here kana kuti kwete, midziyo yemoto yemagetsi inogona kugadzira simbi yekuvaka inosangana nezvinodiwa nemutengi. Kana "choto chikuru chemagetsi" chisingakwanisi kuramba chichiwana yakakwirira-yemhando uye yakachena ferrite zviwanikwa senge simbi simbi kana yakananga yakaderedzwa simbi, saka Zvakaoma kugadzira yakakwirira-yakawedzera simbi zvigadzirwa. Electric furnace steelmaking mabhizinesi anogadzira simbi yekuvakisa sechigadzirwa chavo chikuru anofanirwa kutsvaga kupedzisa shanduko nekusimudzira nekukurumidza kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwehunyanzvi uye kutora, kudyidzana kwepasirese kugadzirwa kwesimba, nezvimwewo. hofori duku", shasha dzisina kuroorwa uye shasha dzisingaoneki, kuburikidza nematanho akawanda akadai sekuwedzera R&D investimendi, kusimbisa kudyidzana kwehunyanzvi kana kutenga vanhu vakuru. matekinoroji, anozonyatso gadzirisa chigadzirwa uye kuyedza "innovation premium".
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-11-2023